Social Security payments help millions of Americans manage their retirement expenses. The amount a retiree receives depends on two key factors:
- Retirement Age – The longer you wait to claim benefits, the higher your monthly payment.
- Earnings History – Social Security calculates payments based on your lifetime earnings and contributions.
However, not everyone receives full benefits due to certain laws affecting public sector workers. In the past, government employees with pensions often saw reduced Social Security payments because of the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) and Government Pension Offset (GPO).
The History of WEP and GPO: Why Benefits Were Reduced
Congress introduced the WEP and GPO in the late 1970s and early 1980s. These laws were meant to ensure Social Security funds remained stable while preventing “double-dipping” – where public employees could collect both a pension and full Social Security benefits.
- WEP reduced benefits for workers who had a government pension but didn’t pay Social Security taxes.
- GPO lowered Social Security spousal or survivor benefits for those who had a government pension.
As a result, firefighters, teachers, police officers, and federal employees received lower Social Security payments despite contributing to the system.
Biden’s Social Security Fairness Act: What Has Changed?
On January 5, 2025, President Joe Biden signed the Social Security Fairness Act, eliminating the WEP and GPO. This means:
- Public sector retirees will receive their full Social Security benefits.
- An estimated 3.2 million retirees will get higher payments.
- Some retirees could see an increase of up to $1,000 per month.
For many retirees, this is a major financial relief, especially as the cost of living continues to rise.
Backpay for Retirees: When Will They Get Their Money?
One of the biggest concerns for retirees is backpay – money owed for past years of reduced benefits. Under the new law, retirees are eligible for retroactive payments, but the exact timeline is unclear. Experts predict that distributing these payments could take at least a year.
Until then, many seniors will have to wait for the government to process the changes.
Will Social Security Run Out of Money?
Although the new law helps retirees, it raises concerns about Social Security’s financial future. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) warns that:
- The Social Security trust fund could run out by 2034.
- If that happens, benefits may be cut by 23% to keep the system running.
This issue is worsened by tax cuts from the Trump administration, which may reduce Social Security funding even earlier – possibly by 2031.
Possible Solutions to Save Social Security
Experts have suggested several ways to keep Social Security running:
- Raising the Retirement Age – Increasing the minimum age for benefits from 62 to 64 or higher could help sustain the system.
- Removing the Tax Cap – Currently, only income up to $176,100 is taxed for Social Security. If this cap is removed, high earners would pay more, increasing funding.
- Higher Payroll Taxes – Slightly increasing Social Security taxes could help fill the funding gap.
Why Social Security Matters More Than Ever
Social Security is the main source of income for 40% of retirees. Even though Biden’s law helps millions, it doesn’t fix all financial struggles for seniors.
- Rising costs of food, healthcare, and housing make it harder for retirees to live comfortably.
- 96.5% of retirees say the 2025 Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) is not enough to cover inflation.
- 73% of workers worry they might never receive benefits, even after years of paying into the system.
Final Thoughts: What Retirees Should Expect
The Social Security Fairness Act is a huge step forward for public sector workers. More retirees will receive full benefits, and many will get extra money each month.
However, challenges remain. Delays in backpay, rising inflation, and potential insolvency still threaten Social Security’s future. While experts debate possible solutions, seniors must plan wisely and stay informed about changes in the system.
Would you like to check if you qualify for higher Social Security payments? Stay updated with the latest changes and ensure you receive the benefits you deserve!
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Filza specializes in simplifying financial topics for everyday readers. Whether breaking down Canada’s tax guides or U.S. benefits like SNAP and VA Disability, Filza’s relatable writing style ensures readers feel confident and informed. Follow her insights on LinkedIn or reach out via email at [email protected].